4:3:
How Many Concepts of Intentionality?
The current discussion of the intentionality nature has become more sophisticated and complex. In this paper I will delineate a number of approaches to intentionality in contemporary philosophy: 1 mentalistic; 2 semantic / linguistic; 3 pragmatic; 4 somatic; 5 and naturalistic. Although philosophers identify and analyse many concepts of intentionality, from the author point of view, there is only one intentionality: mentalistic intentionality (conscious mental states are intentional). Furthermore, there are the pre-intentionality in the physical world and the meta-intentionality (or the derived intentionality) in the world of culture.
Rhetoric Tradition and Democracy:
Isocrates’ Role in Ancient Greek Political Idea.
Start Point of Western Political Philosophy
Political participation and the public education that have always been deployed to support the incipient progress of the civic life are revived in the modern political discourses. It has been believed that the age of pre-Socrates was the age of the Sophists whose acrid fallacy works occupied the political sphere, a malaise in government. However, speaking non-traditionally in the modern pedagogical system, there were some pre-Socratic thinkers and political philosophers/orators who’s works are the backbone of modern discourse on this matter. It will be examined whether any part of the classical rhetoric apparatus can be recovered and put to a good practice in the modern education and modern political participation. This point will be illustrated, furthermore, in this paper by alleging the importance of rhetoric, its role in Ancient Greek Democracy, and its influence on the modern concepts of power and democracy, as a continual element in a historical-political life. The further consideration is whether there was any democratic Polis existed in Ancient Athens and then, if there was, what characteristics it consisted of. Moreover, whether such concept can or should be considered in modern political discourses. In this sense, the liberal, non-dogmatic strain of the sophistry of Isocrates tradition urges us to indicate that the findings of this educational principles are, if not necessary, but adjutant complementary metes to our modern political knowledge of the states. In the end, it is inquired to see comparatively that how the tradition of rhetorical art and the concept of power in the Ancient Greek society have pertained to the modern democratic elements and whether we are able to empower this influential element in modern states.
The Logic of Self-Organized Criticality
A consideration of non-classical logic in terms of classical one allows us to
show a role of designated truth values. In this way we show that our version of
non-classical many-valued logic can be based on the structure of genetic code.
The Swarm Computing Approach to Business Intelligence
We have proposed to use some features of swarm behaviours in modelling business
processes. Due to these features we deal with a propagation of business processes in all
accessible directions. This propagation is involved into our formalization instead of
communicating sequential processes. As a result, we have constructed a business process
diagram language based on the swarm behavior and an extension of that language in the
form of reflexive management language.
The Unicity of Orthodox Spirituality
Rico Vitz is Professor and Chair of the Department of Philosophy at Azusa
Pacific University, and serves as the Executive Vice President-Treasurer of the
Hume Society. He is the author of Reforming the Art of Living: Nature Virtue
and Religion in Descartes’s Epistemology (Springer), and the editor of The
Ethics of Belief (Oxford) and of Turning East: Contemporary Philosophers and
the Ancient Christian Faith (St Vladimir’s Seminary Press). He is a member of
St. Peter the Apostle Antiochian Orthodox Christian Church in Pomona,
California, U.S.A.
