Krzysztof Nowicki

Krzysztof Nowicki obtained a bachelor's degree in philosophy from the Catholic University of Lublin and a master's degree in philosophy from the University of Warsaw, focusing his thesis on Kazimierz Twardowski's theory of products. His academic interests span metaphysics, philosophy of logic, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind, alongside the history of Polish philosophy, particularly the tradition of the Lvov-Warsaw School.

Issue: 13:2 (The forty ninth issue)

In this paper, I analyze the shift in Twardowski’s views between his early psychologistic theory of logic and his later anti-psychologistic theory. In particular,I point out that the interpretation suggesting that this change merely involves Twardowski enriching his ontology with products encounters a certain problem in light of his earlier views. To present this problem more precisely, I discuss the foundations of Twardowski’s theory of products, focusing on aspects relevant to the issue of psychologism. Based on this, I reconstruct Twardowski's theory of logic and highlight where he identified the fallacy of psychologism. I contrast this reconstructed theory with Twardowski’s earlier views at key points and demonstrate that the difference between his early psychologistic theory and his later anti-psychologistic theory is a matter of a shift in emphasis rather than a significant change in the theoretical system itself, and that Twardowski himself understood it as such.